A GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN HERALDRY by JAMES PARKER

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Label, (fr. lambel, in old fr. lambell, labell, and labeu): a charge generally considered to be a temporary mark of cadency, q.v. In the ordinary system of differences a label of three points(which has also been termed a file with three labels) is the distinction of the eldest son during the lifetime of his father. In the oldest rolls of arms the labels are all of five points; but labels of three points were at an early period used interchangeably. The theories respecting two extra points being borne to mark the surviving generations will not hold.
Labels have been supposed by some to represent the collar and cape of a garment, with several pendent labels of tongues, which were worn hanging from the back part of the neck, over the surcoat or tabard.

EDWARD I.

EDMUND, Earl of Lancaster.

    King EDWARD I. before his accession differenced his arms with a label azure, sometimes of five points, and sometimes(even on the same seal) of three points.
    EDMUND Plantagenet, called Crouchback, earl of Lancaster, the second son of Henry III., bore England with a label, sometimes(as his seal testifies) of three points, and at other times of five points, as upon his monument at Westminster. In both instances each points is charged with three fleurs-de-lis.
    The earliest instances on record of the use of the label in England appear to be following:--

England, with a label of five points azure--Geoffery PLANTAGENET, earl of Anjou, Poictiers, Britanny, and Richmond, fourth son of King Henry II., borne 1159, and died 1186.

After this date the label is frequently noticed.

JOHN OF GAUNT, Duke of Lancaster.

    Le ROY D'ANGLETERRE, porte goules trois lupards d'or.
    Son fitz, teile, ovecque ung labell d'azur--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Le Counte de LANCASTRE, les armes de Engleterre od le label de France--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Quarterly France and England, a label of three points ermine--JOHN OF GAUNT, third son of Edward III., created Earl of Derby and Duke of Lancaster, 1340. [In the roll of arms, however temp. ED. III., in the College of Arms the arms are thus given:--Le Count de Derby, port les armes d'Engleterre a une baston d'asure.]
    Monsire Richard de GREY, de Sandiacre port les armes de Grey[i.e. barre de vj peces d'azur et argent] a une labell gules besante--Roll, temp. ED. III.

Besides being used as mere temporary marks of cadency, labels are also employed as permanent distinctions, this is to say, they are borne by every member of some particular branches of certain families, just as any other charge is borne.

NEVILL.

    Sire Hue de COURTENY, de or a iij rondeus de goules e un label de azure--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Or, three torteaux; on a label azure, three mitres of the field--William COURTENAY, Bp. of Hereford, 1374; of London, 1375; Abp. of Canterbury, 1381-96.
    Or, three torteaux; with a label of three points; azure, on each point a bezant--COURTENAY, Devon.
    Gules, a saltire argent a label of three points azure--NEVILL.
    [Richard NEVILLE, Earl of Salisbury in Henry VIth's reign, as well as his son, Richard, Earl of Warwick, bore a label of three points, compony, argent and azure.]
    Argent, three chevrons gules; a label of three points azure--SHUTE BARRINGTON, Bp. of Llandaff, 1769; of Salisbury, 1782; of Durham, 1791-1826.
    [Several other families appear also to bear a saltire, with a label, e.g. BAFFORD; BARKSWORTH; BELESBY[or Helesby, spelt Halusby]; BEROUN; BOTETORT; BOUNCETER; CHARNELLS; CLYDEROW; COCKFIELD; GURNEY; FITZGERALD; KERDESTONE; MAXWELL; SHOULDHAM; TYPTOFT, &c.

A label.

The points were first straight, then pattée, and at last labels were formed as they generally are at the present day, without any connection with the sides of the shield, the points dovetailed.
In latter times the shape of the label was sometimes varied, nor was it confined to three or five points(or drops, as they are sometimes irregularly called). The labels were terminated also in other charges, e.g. bells. And one of three points, each formed as a plain cross and charged with five escallops argent, was borne by John de FOIX, Earl of Kendal, 1449. The label also was borne at times on an ordinary, or in different positions.

DAMPIER.

    Or, a fesse gules and label of eleven points azure--Saher de QUINCY, Earl of Winchester[c. 1210].
    Sable, three crescents; in chief a label of two drops, and in fesse another of one drop argent--FITZSIMON, Harl. MS. 1441.
    Or, three files borne barways gules, the first having five points, the second four, and the last three--LISKERKE, Holland[Gwillim].
    Or, a lion rampant sable; on a chief gules a label of five points argent--Thomas DAMPIER, Bp. of Rochester, 1802; of Ely, 1808-12.
    Argent, a file of three points in bend sable--GOFFE, Ireland.
    Argent, a label of five points in bend gules--MORTEN[ascribed in Guillim, 1632, to 'one MORIEN, an alien'].
    Or, a five gules with three bells pendent azure clappers sable--BELFILE.

Labels, (fr. lambeaux), is a term also applied to the pendent ribbons at the side of the mitre(q.v.).
Lacs d'amour: a true lover's knot.

Ladder.

Ladder, Scaling, (fr. échelle): the military ladder, with the curved top, is what is intended. The charge is perhaps more frequent in Welsh arms. In French arms the number of rounds(fr. échelons) are occasionally named.

    Argent, three scaling-ladders bendwise, two and one, gules--KILLINGWORTH.
    Argent, a tower sable, having a scaling-ladder raised against it in bend sinister or--MAUNSELL.
    Or, three double scaling-ladders sable--ASHLIN.
    Azure, three beacons with ladders or, fired gules--GERVAYS.
    Azure, a lion rampant between in chief two castles triple towered, and in base a scaling-ladder argent, a bordure or charged with four roses gules, and as many spear-heads sable alternately--JAMES.
    Sable, a spear-head between three scaling-ladders erect argent--Sir Robert DE LA VALE.
    D'or à l'aigle éployée de sable portant en ses serres une échelle de cinq échelons d'argent--L'ESCHELLE.

Ladies' heads. See Heads.

The Holy Lamb.

Lamb, (fr. agneau): when represented passant, the face is shewn in profile; but when the Holy or Paschal Lamb is intended then the face should be guardant or reguardant.
This bearing varies considerably in different examples, particularly in the shape of the flag, but the annexed figure may be considered as a fair type. The nimbus should be gold, with a red cross: the flag argent, cross and ends gules. The Holy Lamb is, however, not unfrequently borne all of one colour.

    Argent, a chevron engrailed gules between three lambs passant sable--LAMB.
    Azure, three paschal-lambs or--LAMB.
    Argent, on a cross gules a paschal-lamb or carrying a banner argent, charged with a cross of the second--The Honourable Society of the MIDDLE TEMPLE.
    Gules, three holy lambs argent[elsewhere, or]--ROWE, Devon.
    Argent, on a base wavy azure, a lamb triumphant[i.e. with the banner] sable--John de OXFORD, Bp. of Norwich, 1175-1200.
    Argent, a paschal-lamb couchant, with banner argent, staff and nimbus or, in base the letters P P of the last--Town of PRESTON, co. Lancaster.
    Azure, a chevron argent, over all a bend or, on a canton of the last a holy lamb gules--EYNELL.
    Gules, a castle triple towered argent, between a holy lamb passant with cross-staff and banner of S.Andrew on the dexter, and the head of S.John the Baptist in a charger on the sinister, both proper; in base the sea of the last--Burgh of AYR, Scotland.
    Argent, on a saltire gules two keys in saltire or; on a chief of the second a holy lamb proper--See of RIPON.

Two families in France, and one or two in England, of the name of PASCAL, or PASCHAL, bear the Holy Lamb.
Amongst the examples of the worst style of English heraldry occur the two charges, a lamb with three heads, and a lamb's kidneys.

Vert, a lamb passant, with three heads guardant and reguardant argent--TRIPPET.
Azure, on a chevron or between in chief two lambs, and in base a ram argent, three lamb's kidneys gules--KIDNEY, London; and Market Harborough, co. Leicester, granted 1765.

Lambeaux: dovetails; used also of the files of the label.
Lambel, (fr.): e.g. Label.
Lambrequin: the Mantle placed upon a helmet: also the point of a Label. The word is sometimes applied to wreath.

Lamp, fig.1.

Lamp, fig.2.

Lamp, (fr. lampe): several forms of this charge are found is arms; one drawn after the Roman model occurs in the insignia of the Society of ANTIQUARIES. Some are borne as in fig. 1, e.g. by the family of FARMER, while the Company of Tin-plate-workers bear their lamps like urns with covers. (fig. 2)

    Sable, a chevron argent, between three lamps of the same, inflamed proper--FARMER, Leic. (granted 1663).
    An antique Roman lamp or, over it 'Non extinguetur'--Crest of SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES.
    Sable, a chevron or between three lamps(the two in chief one light each, facing each other, the lamp in base with two lights) argent garnished or, illuminated proper--Company of TIN-PLATE WORKERS[Inc. 1670].
    Argent, on a fesse sable three lamps or--PERIOND.
    Argent, three lamps sable--LAMPLOW.

Lamp, Globular. See Lantern.
Lampago. See under Satyr.
Lampassé, (fr.) langued, is used by French heralds with reference to the tongue of a lion, or other quadruped, when of a different tincture.
Lamprey, (fr. lamproi): this fish occurs but rarely in coats of arms.

    Sable, three lampreys in pale argent--RADFORD, Devonshire.
    Azure, on a bend or three lampreys of the first--CASTLETON, Suffolk.
    Or, three lampreys proper--LAMPRELL, Flanders.
    D'azur, a trois lamproies d'argent mouchetées de sable, posées en fasce--HELYE, Languedoc.

Lance, (fr. lance). See Spear.
Lancet. See Fleam.
Landscapes: several views and landscapes, with skies and sea, have been gradually introduced into modern heraldry, but it is needless to say that their introduction in an absolute departure from the principles by which the choice of ancient devices was guided. Perhaps one of the first to adopt the innovation was the Trinity House; but other companies did the same, and then Indian and naval officers followed suit, with scenes in India or sea pieces. See also under Flowers.

Azure, a cross gules, between four ships of three masts each under full sail all proper; on each sail, pennant, and ensign, a cross gules, and each quarter painted as a sea-piece with sky, sea, &c., all proper--TRINITY HOUSE Guild or Confraternity[Inc. 1515].
Azure, a globe whereon are represented the Straits of Magellan and Cape Horn, all proper; in the sinister chief point two herrings hauriant in saltire argent, crowned or; on a canton the united arms of Great Britain of the second--SOUTH SEA Company, established by Act of Parliament, 1712.

Langue, (fr.) langued: but used especially of the tongues of eagles, dragons, &c., and all winged animals.
Langued. See Lampassé.

Ship's Lantern.

Lantern, Ship, or Globular lamp. Such a lantern, ensigned with a royal crown, all proper, is the crest of the Company of TIN-PLATE-WORKERS of London. The fr. Falot is somewhat similar, being a sort of lantern borne on a pole or handle.

De gueules, au falot d'or--DURANT, Burgundy.
D'azur, a trois falots d'argent, emmanchés d'or, et garnis de sable--LANTERNIER, Normandy.

Lapin. See Rabbit under Hare.

TYRWHITT.

Lapwing(or pewit): this bird is frequently found blazoned by name; also the Tyrwhitt, which appears to be another name for it.
The French huppe(signifying crested) is the same as the pewit.

    Azure, a bend between three lapwings argent--HYHAM.
    Azure, a fesse engrailed ermine between six lapwing's heads erased argent--SPENCER.
    Gules, three lapwings close or--TYRWHITT, Lincolnshire.
    Gules, three lapwings or--TERRICK, Bp. of Peterborough, 1757; Bp. of London, 1764-77. [The name is probably a corruption of TYRWHITT.]
    D'azur, a une huppe d'or; au chef d'argent chargé de trois hermines de sable--PELISSIER, Bourgoyne.

Sea-pye.

The sea-pye seems also to be associated with it, which is a maritime bird of a dark brown colour with a white breast.

    Gules, a cross patonce or, between four sea-pyes proper(i.e. sable winged argent)--S.Edmund de ABBENDON, Abp. of Cant. 1233-40.
    Argent, three sea-pyes proper--WALDEN.
    Argent, two sea-pyes incontrant sable--TRELAWNEY, Cornwall.

Lapwings are also borne by the families of ISPRED, CRULE, HERBERT, HEWITT, &c. while Sea-pyes are borne by families of SAWYER, TREVENOM, TYRWHITT, WILKINS, &c.
Larks: very few coats of arms appear with this bird named.

Argent, three larks proper--BARKER.

Larmes, or Larmettes, Gutté de. See Goutes.

Bundle of laths.

Laths: a bundle of laths is borne by the BRICKLAYERS' Company, and also by the WOODMONGERS' Company, but not by any family.

Azure, a chevron or; in chief a fleur-de-lis argent, between two brick axes paleways of the second, in base a bunch of laths of the last--BRICKLAYERS' and TILERS' Company, incorporated 1508.
Argent, a chevron sable between three bundles of laths vert[as the second, in 1716]--Company of WOODMONGERS, London, V. Cotton MS. Tiberius, D. 10, fo. 885.

Latticed. (fr. treillisé, or treillé, also fancifully called portcullised): a pattern said to resemble fretty, but placed crossways, and closer; also that it may be interlaced or not, and that it is sometimes cloué or nailed at each intersection, but the term is seldom, if ever, used by English heralds.

D'argent, treillisé de gueules, cloué d'or--BARDONNENCHE.

Laurel, (fr. laurier): branches of this plant have been granted for military services, and sprigs of laurel are also found named. The wreaths of laurel, or bay, have already been noted as 'crowns triumphal' under Chaplet. But the leaves only(q.v.) occur most frequently, and these often blazoned as bay-leaves.

    Gules, the stump of a aurel-tree eradicated proper on a chief or an Eastern crown of the field between two annulets azure--BURROUGHS, Castle Bagshaw, co. Cavan, Baronetcy.
    Gules, a fesse between in chief a mullet and in base a dove or holding in the beak a sprig of laurel vert--WALKER.
    Argent, a chevron gules between three bay-leaves vert--BOYFORD, or BYFORD.
    Gules, three ducal coronets or, on a chief of the second as many bay-leaves vert--BIRKENHEAD.
    Laurel branches have been granted to the families of GAITSKILL, BYNG(Earl and Baron Stafford), &c.

Laurier, (fr.) laurel.
Laver: (1.) See Plough. (2.) See Seaweed.
Laver-pot. See Ewer.
Leash, the thongs of leather. See under Falcon. Also a line fixed to the collar of a greyhound.
Leaves, (fr. feuilles): such as oak, holly, laurel, or bay, and more especially the last, are the more usual; but it will be seen that many other leaves are borne, and besides those which are mentioned by name, sometimes leaves simply, when probably laurel-leaves are meant. The leaves on the arms of LYNDEWODE are blazoned linden-leaves, and are supposed to be those of the lime-tree. What leaf is meant by the gletver named in the Roll of Arms as borne by SIR JOHN DE LISLE is very doubtful: possibly the cleaver-leaf(a name given to the galium aperinum) may be intended. Care should be taken accurately to describe the position of the leaf, which is generally erect. In French arms leaves are sometimes veined(nervés) of another tincture.

    Azure, a fesse nebuly argent between three leaves or--LEVESON, Warwick.
    Sir Walter de LYLE, port d'or ou ung chevron de gulez, iij foules de gulez ou ung label d'azur--Harl. MS. No. 6589.
    Azure, a water-leaf argent--MORIENS, Suffolk.
    .... a chevron .... between three linden-leaves--JOHN LYNDEWODE(on a brass 1421 at Linwood, co. Lincoln).
    Argent, four leaves in pairs pendent sable; on a canton azure three crescents or--GROVE.
    Sire Johan DEL ILE, de or a un chevron e iij foilles de gletvers de goules--Roll, temp. ED. II.

Isle of Man.

GILBERT.

Leg, (fr. jambe): The legs of men are not unfrequently borne, but generally in armour. The knee is always embowed.

    Three legs conjoined in the fesse points in armour proper, garnished and spurred or--Insignia of the ISLE OF MAN.
    [The motto belonging to these insignia is QUOCUNQUE JECERIS STABIT.]
    LE ROY DE MAN de goules a treys gambes armes o tutte le quisses et chekun cornere seyt un pee--From Harl. MS. 6589, temp. HEN. III.
    Gules, a leg in pale, armed and couped at the thigh between two spears proper--GILBERT, Bp. of Llandaff, 1740; afterwards Bp. of Salisbury, 1748; Abp. of York, 1757-61; also GILBERT. Bp. of Chichester, 1842.
    Gules, a fesse argent between a bow and arrow in full draught in chief, and three men's legs couped at the thighs in fesse paleways of the second--BIRNEY, Broomhill, Scotland.
    Argent, a fesse between three legs couped at the ankle of the first fretty gules, the toes to the sinister side--TREMAYLL.

Legs of beasts and birds with the paw, foot, &c., are also borne as charges apart from the animal or bird itself: but the term most used is gambe, q.v. The fr. term à la quise, i.e. at the thigh, is also frequently found in connection with erased.

    Argent, a black bear's dexter hind-leg erect couped at the thigh, shewing the bottom of the foot all proper--PLANTA, Sussex.
    Argent, two lion's gambes in saltire azure--NERT, co. Worcester.
    Gules, two lion's gambes couped under the knees, the claws endorsed or--BAREFOOT.
    Sable, two lion's gambes bended issuing from the dexter and sinister sides meeting foot to foot in the chief point[or simply 'issuing from the sides of the escutcheon and meeting chevronwise'] argent between three annulets or--MARKEBY.
    Gules, three eagle's legs a la quise or--BAND, co. Worcester.
    Argent, three raven's legs erased sable meeting in the fesse point, talons gulee, extended in the three acute corners of the escutcheon--OWEN AP MADOC, Wales.

Legged: when the legs of a bird are of a different tincture. The more usual term is membered.
Leopard. See under Lion.
Leopardé. For passant, see Lion.
Letters of the Alphabet(fr. lettres) are occasionally employed as charges. The following instances will suffice to shew the different ways in which they have been used. The letters may be old Text, or Greek, or Roman, and hence the type should be stated.
The signification of the letters of the charge is not always apparent. When an M occurs it is no doubt as a rule intended for MARIA or MARY.

    Sable, on a fesse between two cinquefoils in chief argent, and on a mount in base three sprigs of oak proper, acorned or, the text letters ABCDEF of the field--LANG.
    Gules, three text S's or--KEKITMORE.
    Argent, a chevron(another two chevrons) between three text T's sable--TOFTE.
    Azure, a cross argent charged with the letter x, in the fesse point, and the letter i, in the honour point, both sable--CHRIST CHURCH PRIORY, Canterbury. [These letters were evidently intended as a contraction of the word Christi. Since the Reformation the above insignia have been used for the Deanery, the ancient letters having generally been changed to x and i.]
    Argent, a cross gules with a letter r in the centre--City of ROCHESTER.
    Party per chevron argent and sable, in chief the Greek letters A and of the second, in base a grasshopper of the first; on a chief gules a lion passant guardant or--Greek Professorship at CAMBRIDGE, granted 1590.
    Sable, on a pale argent a Greek upsilon gules--CLARK, London, granted 21 Jan. 1604.
    Argent, on a cross azure the letter M crowned or--Arms ascribed to William, de ST.MARY'S CHURCH, Bishop of London, 1199-1221; Simon MEPHAM, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1328-33; Simon SUDBURY, alias TYBOLD, Bishop of London, 1362; Archbishop of Canterbury, 1375-81.
    Per chevron or and vert, in chief the letter M sable, in base a falcon of the first--John MARSHALL, Bishop of Llandaff, 1478-96.
    Gules, on a fesse argent a Roman A--ALTHOUN.
    Per pale, sable and argent, three Roman B's counterchanged--BRIDLINGTON PRIORY, Yorkshire.
    Or, a capital Z gules--DE ZEDDES.
    Argent, a fesse between three S's sable--SHUGLEY, co. Chester.
    Azure, a lion rampant argent resting his dexter hind-foot on the letter H--Town of HORSHAM, Sussex.

Sometimes figures and astronomical signs are used.

    Azure, three figures of 7 two and one--BERNARD.
    Per fesse argent and or, a fesse wavy azure between a sword and a branch of aurel is saltire proper passing a ring of the astronomical character of Mars[ ] sable in chief, and the stump of a tree, one branch sprouting from the dexter side thereof issuing from water in base proper--STOCKENSTORM, Maasstrom, Cape of Good Hope, Baronet, 1840.
    Azure, on a fesse between three mullets of six points or two characters of the planet Venus sable--THOYTS, Sulhamstead, co. Berks, and London; granted 1788.

Sometimes a combination of letter are used, and this especially in canting arms and in Rebuses. Names of various kinds, both of places and persons, are found inscribed sometimes with, at others without, scrolls. See e.g. ACRE, under Sphinx; NAKSIVAN, under Ararat; EMMANUEL, under Escroll, &c.

    Argent, on a chevron between three cock's heads erased, the two in chief respectant sable, an escallop-shell or, in chief the letters A L azure--ALCOCK.
    Azure, a paschal lamb couchant with the banner all argent; round the head a nimbus or, in base the letters P P of the last--Town of PRESTON, co. Lancaster.
    Azure, in chief a scroll argent inscribed B R E, in fesse a tun of the second--BRETON.
    Gules, a bugle-horn stringed and garnished within the word RIPPON in orle[i.e. in pale the letters I and N, in chief the letters R and P, and in fesse those of P and O]--Town of RIPON.
    The word eye under an antique ducal coronet--Town of EYE, Suffolk.
    Per chief embattled azure and gules; in chief the letters JOHES or; in base a tun of the last thereon the letters BRIT sable--The late John BRITTON. F.S.A.
    Sable, a lion rampant argent holding between the paws a mural crown or, a canton ermine thereon pendent by a riband gules fimbriated azure a representation of the medal presented for services subinscribed WATERLOO in letters sable--CHURCHILL.

Levé, (fr.): used of a bear when erect.

Level.

Level reversed.

Plummet.

Levels and Plummets are borne by some few families, but the most notable instance occurs in the insignia of the PLUMBERS' Company, London, where the level is reversed, and figured as in the margin. [See the blazon given under Plumbers' Implements.]

    Argent, three levels with their plummets or--COLBRAND, Chichester, Lewes, and Burnham, Sussex.
    Argent, a chevron gules between three plummets sable--Sir Stephen JENINGS, Lord Mayor of London, 1508.
    Argent, a fesse gules between three plummets sable--JENNINGS, Oldcastle, co. Chester; and co. Salop.
    Argent, on a fesse dancetty gules a plummet of the first between two anchors or--STANMARCHE.
    Quarterly ermine and gules, in the dexter chief a cross croslet of the second, in the sinister base a plummet sable--CROSS, quartered by Starkey, CROSS, Wrembury Hall, co. Chester.

A Level staff occurs in one coat of arms already referred to under Axe, where it is associated with a compass-dial and two Coal-picks in the arms of FLETCHER.
Lever. See Cormorant.
Leveret. See Hare.
Levrier, (fr.): Greyhound, also Levron. See Dog.
Lezard. See Cat, also Lizard.
Libarde, or Lybbarde: an ancient form of the word leopard.
Licorne, (fr.). See Unicorn.
Lié, (fr.): joined or tied together.
Lièvre, (fr.). See Hare.
Lighthouse: a representation of the Bell Rock Lighthouse appear in the arms of STEVENSON.

Argent, on a chevron between three fleurs-de-lis azure as many mullets of the first; a chief silver, on the base thereof the sea and rocks, thereon the Bell Rock Lighthouse with temporary lighthouse, men at work and ships in offing proper--STEVENSON, Edinburgh.

Lily.

Lily: next to be the rose the lily is perhaps the most frequently borne of all the flowers, and there is probably little question that this flower is the original of the fleur-de-lis, which took a conventional form. By some the figure so frequently found is supposed to represent the Iris and not the Lily.

MAGDALEN COLLEGE.

    Argent, on a fesse sable between three roses gules a lily of the first--Richard MAYO, Bishop of Hereford, 1504-16.
    Sable, three lilies slipped argent, a chief per pale azure and gules, on the dexter side a fleur-de-lis or, on the sinister a lion of England--ETON COLLEGE.
    Fusilly ermine and sable a chief of the second, charged with three lilies slipped argent--MAGDALEN COLLEGE, Oxford. [William PATTEN, Commonly called WAYNFLETE, Bishop of Winchester, the founder, added the chief to his family arms.]
    Argent, in base a rock with nine points issuant, from each a lily all proper, on a chief azure a crescent between two mullets of the first--ROMILLY, Baron Romilly, 1865.
    Gules, a lion rampant between eight lilies argent--DENVILE or DEVILE.
    Gules, on a fesse or, between three wolf's heads erased pean five lilies slipped and inverted--LEDIARD, Cirencester.
    Azure, three roses two and one in base or; in chief as many lilies argent stalked and leaved vert; all within a bordure gules charged with eight plates--BARKING Abbey, Essex.

Lily.

The three lilies represented on the chief in the arms of the COOPERS' Company(see under Grose) are figured usually as in the margin. The French heralds use the term Lis de jardin, or au naturel, to distinguish the natural lily from the conventional fleur-de-lis.

NEW INN.

Lily-pot, or flower-pot. Although the example figured in the margin in blazoned as if holding gilly-flowers, they were, no doubt, meant for lilies.

    Vert, a flower-pot argent, with gilly flowers gules, leaved of the first--NEW INN, or OUR LADY'S INN, London.
    Gules, three lily-pots[? covered cups] argent--ARGENTYNE.
    Azure, a pot of lilies argent--The Royal Burgh of DUNDEE.

Limacon. See Snail.
Limb. See also Tree.
Limbs: the Seal of the city of Lichfield(=field of the Lich, or dead body) has a curious representation, in which the disjointed limbs of three men are scattered over the field.

A landscape, on the dexter side several trees on a hill, on the sinister a view of the cathedral, on the ground the bodies, heads, and limbs of three men all proper[no doubt in allusion to the Lichfield martyrs], with crowns, swords, and banners dispersed all over the field--City of LICHFIELD, co. Stafford.

Limbeck.

Limbeck, or Alembick: the charge represented in the annexed cut is so termed by numerous heraldic writers, but the connection between the name and the figure is not very apparent. The word seems to be an old name for a kind of distilling vessel, and occurs only in the arms of the PEWTERERS' Company. In one instance they are blazoned 'cross-bars.'

Azure, on a chevron or, between three antique limbecks argent, as many roses gules, seeded of the second, barbed, slipped, and leaved proper--The PEWTERERS' Company, London, granted 1479. [Elsewhere the arms of the PEWTERERS' appear to be thus blazoned:--Gules, on a chevron argent between three silver single-handled cups each containing so many sprigs of lilies proper, the Virgin accompanied by four cherubs or enclosed by two pair of limbecks as the second.]

Linden leaves. See Leaves.
Lined: this word is used in two senses, as(1) a mantle gules, lined ermine, and(2) a bear or greyhound gorged and lined, that is, with a line affixed to his collar.
Lines of Partition. See Party per.
Ling. See Cod.
Linnet. See Finch.
Lion, (fr. lion): this beast is perhaps the most frequent of all bearings. In early heraldry it is generally represented rampant, while leopards are represented passant guardant, and hence the arms of England, not doubt, are more correctly blazoned, Leopards. Practically, however, the same animal was intended, but different names given according to the position; in later times the name lion was given to both. The chief evidence is that the first entry in one of out earliest rolls of arms runs:--

Le Roy d'Angleterre porte goules, trois lupards d'or--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
Son fitz teile, ovecque ung labell d'azur--Ibid.

And in the early roll of Edward II. the royal arms thus blazoned:--

Le Roy de Engletere porte de goules, iij lupars passauns de or.

And it will be observed that in the former it is taken for granted that the term 'lupar' involves passant.
Again, as a general rule more than two lions are seldom represented in the same shield, and, on the other hand, seldom less than two leopards. The commonest bearings are one lion or three leopards. The lions are drawn conventionally, and the design is suited to the material or character of the work into which they are introduced.

FITE ALAN, Earl of ARUNDELL.

SNOWDEN.

As already said, the position of rampant is the one most common, as it was thought to be the most natural for the lion. It signifies rearing, but with the sinister hinder leg and the sinister fore leg lower than the two dexter legs respectively. The lion is rarely represented rearing with both its hind legs touching the ground and its fore legs even; when it is so it is blazoned salient. A lion rampant, like all other animals, is always understood to be facing the dexter side of the shield.

    Le Conte de Arundell de goules, ung lion rampand d'or--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Le Conte DEL ILE, d'or, ung lion d'azur rampant--Roll, temp. HEN III.
    Sire Roger FELBRIGGE, de or a, un lion salient de goules--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Or, six lions[or lioncels] salient sable--DATELING.
    Azure, a lion salient or--Robert SNOWDEN, Bp. of Carlisle, 1616-21.
    Argent, a lion salient gules--LIGHTON, Scotland.
    Argent, a lion salient guardant gules--JERMY.

The head may be, however, turned to face the spectator, when it is said to be rampant guardant, or it may be turned completely round, when it is said to be rampant reguardant. Two lions rampant facing each other are blazoned combatant.

FITZHAMON.

    Argent, a lion rampant guardant or--FITZHAMON, Gloucester.
    Argent, a lion rampant guardant gules--CATTESBY, Suffolk.
    Azure, semy de lis a lion rampant guardant or--HOLLAND, Earl of Kent.
    Or, a lion rampant reguardant sable--JENKINS, Cornwall.
    Gules, a lion rampant reguardant argent--MORGAN, Bp. of Bangor, 1666-73.
    Argent, a lion rampant reguardant gules--AGINAL, Cresseley.
    Argent, a lion rampant gules facing the sinister side--VIVIAN, Cornwall.
    Ermine, two lions rampant combatant gules--LUCAS, Cornwall.

PALGRAVE.

DE LA MARE.

GIFFARD.

MERCHANTS OF THE STAPLE.

The lion passant is more frequently represented guardant than not, but it ought rightly to be expressed: rarely is it represented passant reguardant. As already said, the term leopard was the ancient term used, and this in some cases evidently implied a lion passant guardant; so much so that with the French heralds the expression lion leopardé signifies a lion passant guardant, and conversely a leopard lionné a lion rampant guardant. When blazoned spotted the leopard itself is meant.

    Azure, a lion passant argent--LYBAND; PALGRAVE &c.
    Gules, two lions passant guardant in pale or--Arms ascribed to WILLIAM I., WILLIAM II., and HENRY I. [But on no early authority.]
    Sire Robert DE LA MARE, de goules, a ij lupars passanz de argent--Roll, temp. ED. II. [Engraving from arms in March Baldon Church, and blazoned Gules, two lions passant guardant in pale argent.]
    Sire Johan GIFFARD, de goules, a iij lyouns passauns d'argent--Ibid.
    Monsire de LITTLEBERY, d'argent, sur une bend vert trois egles d'or entre deux leopards gules passants--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Barry nebuly of six argent and azure; on a chief gules a lion passant guardant or--Company of STAPLE MERCHANTS[Inc. temp. ED. III.]
    D'Azure, a deux lions leopardés or--PUISAYE, Normandie.
    Gules, two leopards passant in pale argent spotted sable--MARE, Chester.

Lions may also be blazoned as couchant(fr. couché); they then should be represented with their heads erect, to distinguish term from dormant(of which no actual example occurs; though Guillim ascribes to the Tribe of Judah, 'Azure, a lion dormant or'). The term lodged is equivalent to couchant, but should only be applied to deer, &c., not to beasts of prey. The term statant(fr. posé) is also found occasionally applied to the lion, that is standing with both the fore legs touching the ground, and thus distinguished from passant, in which case the right gamb is raised. It may also be séjant.

    Gules, a lion couchant between six cross crosslets, three in chief and as many in base argent--TYNTE, Somerset.
    Gules, a lion couchant or--EILEWORTH.
    Ermine, a lion statant guardant gules--Simon de SEGRE.
    Per pale sable and gules, a lion statant argent--NEALE, co. Bedford.
    Argent, a lion sejant sable--MEGGISON.

Lions are very frequently crowned; they are subject also to various treatments, sometimes being charged with some device on the shoulder, sometimes collared. A lion may also be represented as supporting some other charge, that is, holding it between its paws, but this is more frequently the case in crests than it coats of arms. Lions may also be of any tincture, and even party-coloured, in fact they are in this respect treated just as any ordinary.

SEGRAVE.

    Sire Johan de SEGRAVE, de sable, a un lioun rampant de argent courone de or--Roll, temp. ED. II. [The engraving is from arms in Dorchester Church, Oxon.]
    Sire Johan de BEAUCHAMP de Fifelde, de or, a un lion de sable corone de goules--Ibid.
    Gules, a lion passant guardant argent crowned with an antique crown or, and girt round the waist with an annulet of the last--OGILVIE.
    Sire Nicholas de ESTLEE, de argent, a un lion de goules; en le espaudle del lion un quintefoil de argent--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Monsire Jerves de CLIFTON, port d'azure, a une lyon rampant d'argent en lespau une fleur-de-lys de gules--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Argent, three bars gemel sable, and over all a lion rampant gules charged on the shoulder with a crosslet fitchy or--Roger de MOHAUT, co. Lancaster.
    Argent, a lion rampant vert vulned proper at the mouth--Tyrwhitt-JONES, co. Salop.
    Gules, on a leopard passant guardant or spots sable--ARLOTT.
    Argent, five barrulets gules, over all a lion rampant crowned and sustaining a battle-axe or--ALEXANDER.
    Gules, a lion rampant holding in the dexter paw a pen argent--GREY.
    Argent, a lion passant sable, the fore-feet fettered or--Madoc ap ADDA MOEL.
    Or, a lion hopping in a tun gules[otherwise, Gules, a demi-lion erect issuing from a tun argent]--HOPTON[a Rebus].
    Azure, a lion rampant vairy argent and gules--HULTON.
    Gules, a lion passant ermine--HEREFORD, Norfolk,
    Gules, a lion rampant, per bend ermine and ermines--TIMBERLEY.
    Gules, a lion rampant guardant per fesse or and argent--Priory HOUNSLOW, Middlesex.
    Sir Thomas de WOKINGDONE, de goules, a un lion barre de argent et de azure--Roll, temp. ED. II.

A lion may be armed, or armed and langued, of a different tincture(i.e. with its tongue, claws, or teeth, &c., of such tincture); or disarmed, that is deprived of claws and teeth; also enraged or incensed, that is with fire issuing from the mouth and ears,

    Ermine, a lion rampant azure, crowned and langued or--PICKERING.
    Ermine, a lion rampant gules, crowned or, armed and langued azure--TURBERVILLE, Bp. of Exeter, 1555-9.
    Argent, three bars gemel gules, a lion rampant sable armed and membered azure--FAIRFAX.
    Argent, a lion rampant gules enraged azure--ETHRICK.
    Azure, a lion rampant argent, maned or, collared sable--LOKYER.
    Azure, a lion rampant guardant argent the feet gules--HUM.
    Argent, a lion passant disarmed sable--SMITH.
    Argent, a lion unarmed gules--ALBONE.
    Argent, a lion rampant gules incensed azure--Morgan ap MEREDITH, Lord of Tredegar, co. Monmouth.

MALORY.

But beyond this heralds frequently describe the tail of lion in the blazon; for instance, the animal may be represented as coward, that is, with its tail hanging down between the hind legs(whence the English word); it may also be represented with the tail erect, but this is rare, the ordinary position for the tail being as if curved over the back; it is very often forked(queue fourché), that is a double tail, and this is sometimes represented nowed or knotted. An illustration of fourché is seen in Woodford Church, Northants, on the brass of Symon MALORY, who died in 1580. Without a tail a lion is said to be defamed.

DE MONTFORT.

    Argent, a lion passant coward sable--HERWELL.
    Le Conte LEICESTER, goules ung leon rampand d'argent, le cowe fourchee--Roll, temp. HEN. III. [i.e. Simon DE MONTFORT, Earl of Leicester, temp. King JOHN. The annexed engraving represents a common form found in early drawing.]
    Sire Adam de WELLES, de or, a un lion rampand de sable od la couwe forchee--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    In the same Roll of Arms, Sire Johan de KYNESTONE; Sire Johan de KYNGESTONE; Sire Walter de KINGESTONE; Sire Nicolas de KINGESTONE; Sire William de CRESCI; Sire Roger de CRESCI; Sire Johan de HAVERINGE; Sire Bertilmeu de BOROVASH; Sire Johan de SEINCLER; Sire Robert le VENOUR; Sire Felip de WELLES; Sire Felip de BARINGTONE; Sire Roger de CHAUNDOS; Sire Robert de HASTANG; Sire Robert de STAPELTONE; Sire Edmon WASTENEYS; Sire ... de MORLEE; also bear lions 'rampaund, od la couwe fourchie.'
    Sire Richard de BREOUSE, de ermyne a un lion rampaund de goules, od la couwe forchie e renouwe--Roll, temp. ED. II. [Sire Giles de BREOUSE and Sire Pere de BREOUSE bear lions similarly forked and nowed.]
    Gules, a demi-lion rampant argent tail forked--STOKES.
    Argent, two bars gules, over all a lion rampant, double queued or pelletty--BRANDON, Chamberlain of London.
    Or, a lion rampant, tail forked gules--MALORY.
    Argent, a lion rampant, tail forked and double nowed purpure--Sir William STOREY.
    Purpure, a lion rampant, tail forked and nowed or, crowned argent--Sir Richard PASHLEY.
    Argent, a lion rampant sable, the tail introverted, the head, paws, and brush of the tail of the field--LLOYD, co. Carmarthen.
    Argent, a lion rampant, the tail elevated and turned over the head sable--BUXTON, Norfolk.
    Argent, a lion rampant reguardant purpure, the tail flexed from between his legs over the back--Sir Amand de ROUCH.
    Argent, a lion rampant, tail nowed purpure--STOREY.
    Gules, a lion rampant, tail erect argent--Randolph de GERNONIIS, fourth Earl of Chester.

NORTHAMPTON.

Earl of LANCASTER.

Lions also may be represented couped, when they are called demi-lions(q.v.), and there are besides this some singular combinations of two or several lions' bodies, but with only one head.

    Gules, a bicorporate lion guardant rampant counter-rampant coward or, ducally crowned azure--John NORTHAMPTON, Lord Mayor of London, 1381 and 1382.
    Gules, three demi-lions rampant argent--BENNETT.
    Gules, two lions sejant conjoined under one head guardant or, crowned azure--COMBERTON.
    Or, a lion rampant with two heads azure--Simon MASON, co. Huntingdon, 1730.
    Gules, two lions rampant conjoined with one head or, crowned azure within a bordure argent--KELLHAM.
    Gules, a tricorporated lion issuing out of the three corners of the escutcheon, all meeting under one head in the fesse point or, armed and langued azure--Edmond PLANTAGENET(Crouchback), Earl of Lancaster, temp. ED. I.
    Argent, a lion guardant with two bodies counter rampant per pale gules and sable--Davy HOWELL. [The same charge, azure, in a field or, in the coat of NASHE.]

MITCHELL.

DE LA POLE.

Lions' heads sometimes occur in blazon, but more frequently leopards' heads. A leopard's head should shew part of the neck, but the phrase is sometimes used for what should be termed a leopard's face. See Caboshed.

    Monsire William de REDNESSE, sable une cheveron entre trois testes du leopard arrasht d'argent--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Monsire LUGHTBURGH, de gules a une cheveron d'argent entre trois testes de leopardes d'or--Ibid.
    Azure, a leopard's head affronté erased or--MITCHELL.
    Azure, three leopard's faces argent--BARNES, Linc., and BARNEY, Kent.
    Azure, a fesse between three leopard's faces or--DE LA POLE, Earl of Suffolk.
    Sable, a fesse between three leopard's faces argent--GIBBONS, Ireland.
    Or, a fesse between three leopard's heads sable--FARINGDON, co. Lancaster.
    Argent, a bend between two lion's heads erased sable--MELL[or MELLS.]
    Azure, a fesse ermine between three lion's heads erased or--HAMMOND, Kent.
    Azure, two bars argent, in chief a leopard's face or--WRIGHT, Cranham Hall, Essex.
    Argent, a fesse humetty gules, in chief three leopard's faces of the second--BRABANT.
    Argent, a fesse dancetty gules, in chief three leopard's heads cabossed azure--John de POULTNEY.
    Sable, in chief a lion passant guardant, in base a leopard's head jessant-de-lis or--MORLAND.

See also examples under jessant-de-lis. Lions' gambes(q.v.) and paws are also often borne as separate charges, as likewise, but rarely, the tail.

Seal of HUMPHREY DE BOHUN.

Lioncels, (fr. lionceaux). When two or more lions occur in the same coat not separated by an ordinary, they are more properly blazoned(except in a royal coat, or except in the case of two lions combatant or addorsed) as lioncels, the dignity of a lion being supposed not to allow a competitor in the same field. Practically, however, in modern blazon the term lioncel is only used when there are five or six. The arms of LONGESPEE, Earl of Sarum(natural son of Henry II.), and of Humphrey de BOHUN, Earl of Hereford, are found very frequently in old glass, &c., and present good examples of lioncels. The first engraving here given is from the seal attached to the will of Humphrey de Bohun(the son), who died 1319.

LONGESPEE, Earl of Salisbury.

ANJOU.

    Le Conte de HEREFORD, azure six lionceux d'or ov ung bende d'argent a deux cotises d'or--Roll, temp. HENRY III.
    Humphry de BOUN, d'azur ung bend d'argent entre six leonceux d'or cotisee d'or, ove ung labell de goules--Ibid.
    Le Counte de HEREFORD, de azure, a vi lioncels de or a une bende de argent e ij cottes de or--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Azure, six lioncels rampant three, two, one, or--William LONGESPEE, Earl of Sarum, ob. 1226. [The arms are varied from those of ANJOU, the ancient inheritance of his father's family, which were azure, eight lioncels(or perhaps lioncels sans nombre) or.]
    Sire Edmon TALEBOT, de argent a iij lioncels de pourpre--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Sable, six lioncels couchant coward argent three, two, and one--BATEMEN, Essex.
    Argent, on a bend engrailed between six lioncels gules, a rose of the first between two arrows proper--SAWREY, co. Lancaster.
    Argent, on a cross gules five lioncels rampant or--AUDYN, Dorchester.

Lion poisson. See Sea-lion.
Lioncel. See Lion.
Lis, lys: for Fleur-de-lis.
Lisiere. See Achievements.
Liste, old fr. for Cottice.
Liston: a French term for the ribbon containing the motto.
Litvit's skin: a pure white fur used for lining mantles. See under Argent.
Liveries of servants and retainers should in general be of the principal colour and metal of their lords' arms. The liveries adopted by the kings of England have been as follows:--
The later Plantagenets, while and red. The House of York, murrey and blue. The House of Lancaster, white and blue. The House of Tudor, white and green. The House of Stuart, yellow and red. William III. the same; but before his accession blue and orange.
The House of Hanover, scarlet and blue. Before their succession to the English throne they used yellow and red.
Lizard, (fr. lézard): the reptile so called is used but rarely on English coats of arms. Its proper tincture is vert.

    Two scaly lizards erect on their hind feet combatant proper[i.e. vert], each gorged with a plain collar or, the collars chained together; a chain with a ring at the end pendent between the two lizards of the last--Crest of the IRONMONGERS' Company.
    Argent, three lizards in pale vert--LOVYS OF LUVYS, Cornwall.
    Azure, three lizards or--COTTER, Ireland.

Loach. See Gudgeon.
Loaves of bread. See under Basket and baker's Peel.

TREGARTHICK.

GRILLA.

Lobster: this crustacean seems not to occur entire in any known examples of English heraldry; but the claws occur in more than one coat of arms, and these are represented as in the margin; allied to it is the crevice(fr. écrevisse), or crayfish.

    Argent, two lobster's claws in saltire gules, the dexter surmounting the sinister--TREGARTHICK.
    Argent, a chevron between three lobster's claws gules--KERNE.
    Barry wavy of six argent and gules, six crevices or two and one--ATWATER.
    Gules, on a bend or, a lobster sable--GRILLA, Spain.

Loch. See Water.
Lochabar-axe. See Axe.

Padlock.

Lock: the form of this charge varies; it is generally blazoned as a padlock(fr. cadenas), sometimes a quadrangular lock. The more frequent form, however, is the fetterlock, of which drawings have already been given.

    Per fesse or and sable, a bend wavy between two padlocks counterchanged--WHITLOCK, co. Devon.
    Per fesse azure and or, a pale and three falcons two and one with wings addorsed and belled, each holding in the beak a padlock all counterchanged--LOCK, Norbury Park, Surrey, V.
    Argent, a cross moline azure placed in a lock proper and in chief two mullets of the second.--MILLER, Gourlebank, Scotland.
    Argent, a fesse engrailed voided gules between three square padlocks of the second--GREIVE.
    Gules, a fesse or between three quadrangular locks(or fetterlocks) argent--GRIERSON, Lagg, co. Dumfries; baronetcy, 1685.
    Sable, three square padlocks argent--LOVELL, or LOVETT, Bucks.

With this may be associated the single example of the door-bolt(fr. verrou).

Argent, three door-bolts gules--BOLTON, Yorkshire.

Lock of hair. See Hair, also Gouttes.
Lodged: said of a stag when couchant. See Deer.
Lolling: a name rarely used for Preying. See under Falcon.
Long, per. Indented per long is a phrase implying that the indents are deeper than usual.
Loopholes. See under Castle.
Lopped, or Snagged. Said of a limb of a tree, couped in such a manner that the transverse section is exposed to view.
Lorraine, Cross of, §28.
Lorré, (fr.): of fishes, finned; used when of different tincture.
Lou, (old fr.) Loup: the wolf.
Loup cervier, (fr.): lynx.
Lowered: a term signifying an ordinary is placed below its usual position, same as Abased.

FREEMAN.

Lozenge, (fr. losange): this charge is of a diamond shape, the diameter being about equal to each of the sides; in the fusil, which is similar in shape, the diameter is less than each of the four sides, thus giving it a narrower appearance. When a lozenge is voided, or percée, it is always in modern heraldry blazoned as a mascle, q.v.

    Sire Gerard de BRAYBROK, de argent a vij lozenges de goules--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Monsire Henry de FERRERS, port de gules a vj lozenges perces d'or[i.q. mascles]--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Argent, three lozenges conjoined in fesse gules, between three ogresses, in chief a mullet--Richard MOUNTAGUE, Bp. of Chichester, 1628; afterwards of Norwich, 1638-1641.
    Azure, three lozenges or--FREEMAN, Hereford.
    Azure, three lozenges in fesse argent--FREEMAN, co. York.
    Azure, three lozenges in triangle ermine--HALTOFTS.
    Azure, three lozenges in bend argent--MARTYN.
    Azure, three lozenges in pale argent--GRAVILLE, Suffolk.
    Azure, three lozenges lying fess-ways sable--LEE.
    Paly of six sable and or, two lozenges in pale counterchanged--HILLINGE.

DE BURGO.

Lozenges are frequently conjoined in the form of ordinaries, and in all such cases the number of the lozenges should be given, and care taken that each lozenge be drawn entire; otherwise the blazon should be lozengy. When more than three are named they should be drawn with the points touching. The lozenges also are themselves frequently charged with some other device.

    Gules, seven lozenges conjoined vaire, three, three, and one--DE BURGO, Bp. of Llandaff, 1244-53.
    Gules, four lozenges conjoined in fesse ermine--OLIVER DINANT.
    Gules, four lozenges in fesse ermine--DENHAM.
    Argent, five lozenges conjoined in bend sinister gules; on a canton of the last a crosier in pale or--BOXLEY Abbey, Kent.
    Argent, five lozenges in saltire, between four others gules--ACHENEY.
    Gules, ten lozenges argent, conjoined, three , three, three, and one--LALAIN, 1433.
    Gules, three lozenges conjoined in fesse argent, each charged with a rose of the first--WELBECK Abbey, Notts.
    Ermine, three lozenges meeting in the fesse point--HALTOFT.
    Argent, on a lozenge sable a lion rampant of the first--PUT.
    Gules, on a lozenge or a chevron azure--BROCKE.
    Gules, a lozenge flory at the points or--CASSYL, CALSHILL.
    Sable, a sword in bend sinister argent, hilted or, surmounted of a pastoral staff in bend dexter of the last, between two lozenges of the second, one in chief, the other in base, each charged with a pall ensigned of a cross patée gules--Roger Le Noir de BELEYE, Bp. of London, 1229-41.

Lozengy.

Lozengy, (fr. losangé): entirely covered with lozenges of alternate tinctures. The lines are variously drawn, but as a rule they should produce lozenges narrower in breadth in proportion to their length than in the example drawn to illustrate what bendy, dexter and sinister would produce, yet not so narrow as fusilly.

Lozengy, argent and gules--FITZ-WILLIAM, co. Northampton.
Lozengy, gules and or--CROME, London.

The term lozengy, however, has come to have the meaning of 'composed of lozenges,' that is when only one tincture is given(see what has been said under Cross, §8). It is contended that this is legitimate, and thus some writers used the term lozenge instead of lozengy, e.g. a fesse lozenge; further it is laid down that in this case care should be taken that the lozenges at the termination are not drawn entire so as to distinguish the bearing from a fesse of so many lozenges. It is doubtful, however, if these distinctions have been much regarded in practice.

Gules, a bend lozengy argent--William de RALEIGH, Bp. of Norwich, 1239-1242; Bp. of Winchester, 1244-1250.
Argent, a pale lozengy sable--SAVAGE, Bp. of Rochester, 1493; of London, 1496-1501.

Lozengy may also be combined with other lines of diversity, e.g. bendy lozengy(q.v. under Bendy); barry bendy lozengy also occurs(see under Bar), but the word is redundant since barry bendy produces the lozenge form. So also paly lozengy is not needed since bendy paly produces the lozenge form. At the same time the diagonal lines may be drawn less acutely, and the result may give more the idea of paly lozengy. [See figure under paly bendy.]
Lucy, or Luce, (old fr. luc and luz): the fish now commonly called a pike. The merlucius, or pike of the sea, is the hake. See under Cod.

    "And many a breme, and many a luce in stew."                                
      Chaucer, Prologue, 352.

It is, as will be seen, found frequently in ancient arms, where it plays upon the names. The large head and long mouth distinguish it in the drawing from other fishes. In early arms lucies seem to have been always haurient; as they are not so now it is necessary to note the position.

LUCY.

    Geffrey de LUCY, de goules a trois lucie d'or--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Sire Ammori de LUCY, de azure crusule de or a iij luys de or--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Sire Thomas de LUCY, de azure crusule de argent a iij luys de argent--Ibid.
    Monsire LUCY, seigneur de Dalington, gules a trois lucies d'or crusele--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Monsire de FITZACRE, port d'asure a vj luces d'or--Ibid.
    Azure, two lucies in saltire argent, with coronets over their mouths or--STOCK-FISHMONGERS[united with the SALT-FISHMONGERS, 1536. Note also FISHMONGERS' Company under Dolphin.]
    Gules, a chevron between three lucies haurient argent--BROUGHAM, Brougham, Westmoreland.
    Ermine, on a bend engrailed sable, three lucy's heads erect erased or, collared with bars gemels gules--GILLET or GILLOT, Broadfield, Norfolk, GILLET, Ipswich, Suffolk.
    Azure, three lucies haurient argent--WAY, Essex; also Dorset.
    Gules, a luce naiant between three annulets argent--PICKERING, Alconbury, Hunts.
    Argent, on a pale sable a demi luce or[though probably intended for a demi-conger-eel]--GASCOIGNE, Gawthorp.

The Ged is but another name for the lucy, and is equally used as a canting charge.

    Azure, three geds haurient argent--GED of that Ilk.
    Azure, two geds in saltire argent--GEDNEY, Hudderley, Linc. [Crest, two geds as in the arms.]
    Argent, two geds in saltire azure--GEDNEY of Enderby.
    Gules, an escutcheon between three luce's heads couped argent--GEDDES, Tweeddale. [Elsewhere, between three ged's or pike's heads couped or.]

The name Pike(fr. brochet), though not properly used by heralds, is obviously intended by the following canting coats of arms.

    Gules, three luces[or pikes] naiant within a bordure engrailed argent--PIKE, London.
    Per pale argent and gules, on a chevron between three trefoils slipped a luce naiant all counterchanged--PYKE, Devonshire.
    Per chevron wavy, argent and vert; in chief two luces chevron-wise respecting each other proper; in base a hind statant of the first--PICKE.
    Argent, three luces naiant in pale gules--PIKETON.
    Azure, three luces naiant within a bordure engrailed argent--PIKEWORTH.
    D'azur, au brochet d'argent surmonté d'une étoile d'or--LUC-FONTENAY.

Possibly the Sea-pike or Gar-fish may be intended in the crest of the GARLING family. The two Sea-lucies borne on arms of the Stock-fishmongers' Company are probably meant for Hakes(q.v. under Cod).
Luna. See Argent.
Lupar(old fr.): Leopard. See under Lion.
Lure, (1) Hawk's lure. See under Falcon. (2) In lure. See Wings.
Lybbarde: found written for leopard.

LORNE.

Lymphad, or Galley: an ancient ship with one mast, not unfrequent in the heraldry of Scotland. The accompanying figure is copied from a Scottish MS., circ. 1580, in which it is given(sable, in a field or) as quartered by the Earl of Argyll. It is the feudal ensign of the lordship of LORNE; but it is usually drawn in a different form, and in a field argent. See also under Ship.

    Or, an eagle displayed gules surmounted by a lymphad sable; in the dexter chief a right hand couped gules--MACDONALD.
    Argent, on a fesse sable three cinquefoils of the first on a canton azure a lymphad within a tressure flory counterflory or--BOSWELL, Auchinleck, co. Ayr, baronetcy; [descended from Thomas Boswell, who fell at Flodden]--BOSWELL, Crawley Grange, co. Bucks.
    Vert, a lymphad, her oars in action, sails furled argent, flag gules--MICKINDER, or M'KINDER, England.
    Argent, a stag passant gules, on a canton azure a galley or--PARKER.

Lynx. See Panther.
Lyre: this device has been observed but upon one coat of arms, and it would be drawn in the usual classical way.

Argent, a saltire between four holly leaves vert within a bordure of the last, on a chief azure a lyre between two talbot's heads erased or--BRAHAM, Finchley.

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